Browsing by Author "Pialoux, Vincent"

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    Correction to: Effectiveness of an individualized home-based physical activity program in surgery-free non-endarterectomized asymptomatic stroke patients: a study protocol for the PACAPh interventional randomized trial
    (2022-03-22) Mura, Mathilde; Rivoire, Emeraude; Dehina-Khenniche, Leila; Weiss-Gayet, Michèle; Chazaud, Bénédicte; Faes, Camille; Connes, Philippe; Long, Anne; Rytz, Chantal L.; Mury, Pauline; Delrieu, Lidia; Gouraud, Etienne; Bordet, Marine; Della Schiava, Nellie; Lermusiaux, Patrick; Arsicot, Matthieu; Millon, Antoine; Pialoux, Vincent
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    Differential Effects of High-Altitude Exposure on Markers of Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capacity and Iron Profiles, Supplementary Figures S1-S3, Rytz et al
    (2022-07-07) Rytz, Chantal; Pun, Matiram; Mawhinney, Jamie; Mounsey, Craig; Mura, Mathilde; Martin, Agnes; Pialoux, Vincent; Hartmann, Sara; Furian, Michael; Lopez, Ivan; Rawling, Jean; Soza, Daniel; Moraga, Fernando; Lichtblau, Mona; Bader, Patrick; Ulrich, Silvia; Bloch, Konrad; Frise, Matthew; Poulin, Marc
    Supplementary tables S1-S3 for manuscript entitled "Differential Effects of High-Altitude Exposure on Markers of Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capacity and Iron Profiles"
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    Effectiveness of an individualized home-based physical activity program in surgery-free non-endarterectomized asymptomatic stroke patients: a study protocol for the PACAPh interventional randomized trial
    (2022-02-14) Mura, Mathilde; Rivoire, Emeraude; Dehina-Khenniche, Leila; Weiss-Gayet, Michèle; Chazaud, Bénédicte; Faes, Camille; Connes, Philippe; Long, Anne; Rytz, Chantal L.; Mury, Pauline; Delrieu, Lidia; Gouraud, Etienne; Bordet, Marine; Schiava, Nellie D.; Lermusiaux, Patrick; Arsicot, Matthieu; Millon, Antoine; Pialoux, Vincent
    Abstract Background Carotid atherosclerotic plaques remain silent until their rupture, which may lead to detrimental ischemic events such as strokes. This is due, in part, to intraplaque hemorrhages (IPH) and the resulting inflammatory processes, which may promote carotid plaque vulnerability. Currently, the benefits of carotid endarterectomy remain unclear for asymptomatic patients. Interestingly, the completion of physical activity (PA) may have beneficial effects; however, the paucity of current data warrants robust longitudinal interventions. We therefore aim to study the effects of a 6-month longitudinal personalized home-based PA program on IPH, biological, and inflammatory markers in asymptomatic stroke patients. Methods Eighty patients (≥ 18 years old) will be recruited for the Physical Activity and Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Hemorrhage (PACAPh) clinical trial from the Hospices Civils de Lyon. Patients will be eligible if they present with carotid stenosis ≥ 50% and are asymptomatic from any ischemic events for at least 6 months. Recruited patients will be randomized into either a PA or a control group, and assessed at baseline and after 6 months. At both time points, all patients will be assessed using magnetic resonance imaging to assess IPH, blood sampling to measure inflammatory markers and monocytic phenotyping, PA and sedentary behavior questionnaires, 6-min walking test, and maximal isometric quadricep contraction test. The randomized PA intervention will consist of reaching a daily walking step goal individually tailored to each patient. Steps will be collected using a wirelessly connected wristband. The number of steps completed by individuals in the PA group will be re-evaluated bimonthly to encourage walking habits. Discussion The PACAPh study is the first of its kind representing a feasible, easily accessible therapeutic strategy for asymptomatic stroke patients. We hypothesize that the personalized home-based PA program will reduce IPH and modulate inflammatory and biological parameters in patients presenting with carotid plaques. If the results of the PACAPh study prove to be beneficial on such health parameters, the implementation of such kind of intervention in the daily treatment of these patients would be an advantageous and cost-effective practice to adopt globally. Trial registration This study has been approved by the National Ethics Committee (IDRCB:2019-A01543-54/SI:19.06.21.40640). ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04053166
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    Impact of a 6-month aerobic exercise intervention on oxidative stress in sedentary older adults
    (2018-12-17) Rytz, Chantal Louise; Poulin, Marc J.; Pialoux, Vincent; Hogan, David B.
    Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play integral roles in cell signalling and systemic processes and are tightly controlled through workings of antioxidants. An imbalance in this relationship can lead to oxidative stress. Completion of regular exercise can mitigate oxidative stress, strengthen antioxidant capacity and improve oxidative stress- associated conditions, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) and decreased cerebrovascular function. However, there is limited knowledge as to how the aging population with and without MetS compare in terms of changes in markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant profiles with an aerobic exercise intervention, and the effect these changes in have on cerebrovascular function. Objective: We aimed to assess the effects of a 6-month aerobic exercise intervention on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in older, sedentary yet healthy adults, and to determine how MetS status affected these exercise-induced changes. Further, as an exploratory measure, we aimed to assess the association between changes in markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity and measures of cerebrovascular function. Design: Blood samples from 206 participants (mean age=66.8 ± SE=6.4 years, 104 females) pre-, midway, and post-intervention were assessed for markers of oxidative stress (advanced oxidation protein products [AOPP; malondialdehyde [MDA]; 3-nitrotyrosine [3-NT]) and antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase [SOD]; uric acid [UA]; ferric- reducing ability of ṗ lasma [FRAP]; nitric oxide metabolites [NOx]; catalase). Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), anthropometric and demographic information was also collected. Repeated measures linear mixed models adjusted for covariates were used to evaluate changes in markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity across the exercise intervention. Factors represented by changes in markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were used in a linear regression analysis to assess the potential association between oxidative stress and cerebrovascular function. Results: There was a significant effect of the exercise intervention on decreasing levels of AOPP (p=0.004) however, neither MetS status (p=0.214) nor sex (p=0.437) modified the effect. Individuals with MetS had significantly higher levels of AOPP (p<0.001), MDA (p<0.001), FRAP (p=0.03) and UA (p=0.003) compared to those without. Men possessed significantly higher levels of AOPP (p=0.001), FRAP (p<0.001), catalase (p=0.013) and UA (p<0.001) compared to women. Interestingly, the effect of MetS status on FRAP and 3-NT was highly dependent on sex. Further, exercise-induced changes in measures of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were significantly associated with post-intervention measures of cerebrovascular function at rest and submaximal exercise. Conclusion: These results indicate that MetS may blunt exercise-induced improvements in oxidative stress and that changes in markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status may impact exercise-induced cerebrovascular improvements in older, healthy adults.
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    Impact of Physical Activity on Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
    (2021-07-16) Delrieu, Lidia; Touillaud, Marina; Pérol, Olivia; Morelle, Magali; Martin, Agnès; Friedenreich, Christine M.; Mury, Pauline; Dufresne, Armelle; Bachelot, Thomas; Heudel, Pierre-Etienne; Fervers, Béatrice; Trédan, Olivier; Pialoux, Vincent
    Purpose. Regular physical activity (PA) can affect oxidative stress, known to be involved in carcinogenesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations between a six-month PA intervention and oxidative stress biomarkers, PA, and clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods. Forty-nine newly diagnosed patients with metastatic breast cancer were recruited for a single-arm, unsupervised, and personalized six-month walking intervention with activity tracker. PA level and PA fitness, plasma concentrations of DNA oxidation (8OhdG), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and protein oxidation (AOPP), plasma activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase, plasma and leucocyte activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), and clinical markers of tumor progression (RECIST criteria) were measured at baseline and after the six-month intervention. Results. GPX activity (+17%) and MDA (+9%) significantly increased between baseline and the end of the intervention. Changes in PA level and fitness were significantly positively correlated with changes in plasma GPX and significantly negatively with changes in NOX in the leucocytes. Plasma MDA was significantly higher (+20%) whereas plasma AOPP was lower (-46%) for patients with tumor progression or that died during the six months as compared to patients without progression. Conclusion. A six-month PA intervention may be potentially beneficial in metastatic breast cancer patients for enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and decreasing prooxidant enzyme activity. Moreover, AOPP and MDA could also be favorable and unfavorable biomarkers, respectively, since they are associated with disease progression and fitness level in this population. This trial is registered with NCT number: NCT03148886.
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    Role of Gender and Physical Activity Level on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in the Elderly
    (2020-06-19) Raberin, Antoine; Connes, Philippe; Barthélémy, Jean-Claude; Robert, Pia; Celle, Sébastien; Hupin, David; Faes, Camille; Rytz, Chantal; Roche, Frédéric; Pialoux, Vincent
    Background. Cardiovascular diseases remain as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. Ageing and gender strongly modulate the risk to develop cardiovascular diseases but very few studies have investigated the impact of gender on cardiovascular diseases in the elderly, which represents a growing population. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of gender and physical activity level on several biochemical and clinical markers of cardiovascular risk in elderly individuals. Methods. Elderly individuals (318 women ( years-old) and 227 men ( years-old)) were recruited. Physical activity was measured by a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel’s definition. Polysomnography and digital tonometry were used to detect obstructive sleep apnea and assess vascular reactivity, respectively. Blood was sampled to measure several oxidative stress markers and adhesion molecules. Results. The frequency of cardiovascular diseases was significantly higher in men (16.4%) than in women (6.1%) (). Body mass index ( vs. ) and glycaemia ( vs. ) were lower, and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) ( vs. ) was higher in women compared to men (). Oxidative stress was lower in women than in men (uric acid: vs. , advanced oxidation protein products: vs. , malondialdehyde: vs. ). Physical activity was not associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors in both genders. Multivariate analyses showed an independent effect of gender on acid uric (;), advanced oxidation protein products (;), and HDL concentration (;).Conclusion. These findings suggest that biochemical cardiovascular risk factors are lower in women than men which could explain the lower cardiovascular disease proportion observed in women in the elderly.