Browsing by Author "Saeidzadeh, Seyedehtanaz"

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    ItemOpen Access
    Examining factorial validity and internal consistency of Professional Quality of Life (ProQoL-9) among care aides working in Long-term Care (LTC)
    (2025-01-02) Saeidzadeh, Seyedehtanaz; Wang, Anni; Duan, Yinfei; Hipel, Isaiah; Norton, Peter G.; Estabrooks, Carole A.
    Abstract Background The ProQoL (30 items) is a widely used instrument of work-related quality of life for health care workers. Recently, a shorter 9-item version of the ProQoL was developed and validated among palliative care workers. The ProQoL-9 consists of three subscales: compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and compassion fatigue (CF). Care aides (personal support workers, nursing assistants) are an understudied population in terms of their professional quality of life. It is critical to use validated instruments to measure their experiences. The purpose of this study was to examine the internal consistency and factorial structure of the ProQoL-9 among care aides working in LTC. Methods We used surveys collected by the Translating Research in Elder Care (TREC), a pan-Canadian program that collects longitudinal surveys from the healthcare workforce in the LTC. We used TREC surveys containing information on demographics, characteristics of LTC homes (e.g., ownership model), and the ProQoL-9. Our sample included all care aides who completed TREC surveys in the province of Alberta, Canada, from 2020–2021. We examined internal consistency via alpha and omega coefficients. To examine the factorial structure, we conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) testing one factor, two factors (CF and BO together & CS), and three factor models (CF, BO, and CS). Results N = 760 care aides completed the surveys in Alberta. The majority were female (90.79%) and worked in general LTC units (55.29%). The Cronbach’s alpha results showed an overall α = 0.56 for the whole scale and adequate reliability of the subscales (α = 0.73 for CS, α = 0.68 for CF, and α = 0.75 for BO). The omega reliability results for all the subscales were ≥ 0.70, reflecting good internal consistency (BO = 0.77, CS = 0.73, and CF = 0.70). The three-factor model had the best goodness of fit values, reflecting an adequate goodness of fit (X2 = 165.82, DF = 24, X2/DF = 6.9, P < .0001, RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.89). Conclusions The ProQoL-9 is a valid and reliable instrument among care aides in LTC. The factorial structure shows that this shorter version of the ProQoL is rigorously designed and can be utilized by health service researchers in LTC.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Validation of the Maslach burnout inventory-general survey 9-item short version (MBI-GS9) among care aides in Canadian nursing homes
    (2025-01-16) Wang, Anni; Duan, Yinfei; Saeidzadeh, Seyedehtanaz; Norton, Peter G.; Estabrooks, Carole A.
    Abstract Background The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) is the leading measure of burnout for all occupations. The MBI-GS9, the 9-item version of the MBI-GS, was formulated based on the MBI-GS and has been used for several years. However, very few studies have systematically tested its psychometric properties, and none have focused on care aides working in nursing homes who are susceptible to burnout. Methods Following the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, this study validated the MBI-GS9 among 3,765 care aides from 91 Canadian nursing homes, using data collected between September 2019 and February 2020 by the Translating Research in Elder Care (TREC) program. Results The Exhaustion subscale had good reliability with coefficients around 0.66–0.74. The Cynicism subscale had medium reliability with coefficients around 0.60–0.66, and the Efficacy subscale also had medium reliability with coefficients around 0.51–0.58. The MBI-GS9 was significantly correlated with various conceptually related constructs, such as health status, working environment, job satisfaction, psychological empowerment, work engagement, and organizational citizenship behaviors. The MBI-GS9 had a three-factor structure in the full sample and showed equivalent factor structure, factor loadings, latent values, factor variance and error variance across different sex and age groups. Care aides with English as their first language showed higher latent values of the Exhaustion subscale compared to those with English as a second language. Conclusion Overall, the MBI-GS9 exhibited acceptable psychometric properties, but medium reliability of cynicism and efficacy subscales, for measuring burnout among care aides in nursing homes, demonstrating equivalence across sex and gender groups. When comparing across different languages or racial or ethnic groups among care aides, it is important to consider inequivalent latent values on Exhaustion before comparing scores on the measure.