Veterinary Medicine Research & Publications

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 67

Open Access
The Production, Purification, and Bioactivity of Recombinant Bovine Trophoblast Protein-1 (Bovine Trophoblast Interferon)
(The Endocrine Society, 1990-10) Klemann, Stephen W.; Li, Junzhi; Imakawa, Kazuhiko; Cross, James C.; Francis, Harriet; Roberts, Michael R.
Open Access
Induction of Trophoblastic Interferon Expression in Ovine Blastocysts after Treatment with Double-Stranded RNA
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1991-06) Farin, C. E.; Cross, J. C.; Tindle, N. A.; Murphy, C. N.; Farin, P. W.; Roberta, R. M.
Open Access
Interferons as Hormones of Pregnancy
(The Endocrine Society, 1992-08) Roberts, Michael R.; Cross, James C.; Leaman, Douglas W.
Open Access
Multiple Regulatory Elements Are Required to Direct Trophoblast Interferon Gene Expression in Choriocarcinoma Cells and Trophectoderm
(The Endocrine Society, 1994-04) Leaman, Douglas W.; Cross, James C.; Roberts, Michael R.
Open Access
Focal myasthenia gravis in a dog
(Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, 1997) Webb, Aubrey; Taylor, Susan M.; McPhee, Lynn
Open Access
Activin Is a Local Regulator of Human Cytotrophoblast Cell Differentiation
(The Endocrine Society, 1997-09) Caniggia, Isabella; Lye, Stephen J.; Cross, James C.
Open Access
Reprogramming the Cell Cycle for Endoreduplication in Rodent Trophoblast Cells
(American Society for Cell Biology, 1998-04) MacAuley, Alasdair; Cross, James C.; Werb, Zena
Open Access
Intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier block) in a dog
(Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, 1999) Webb, Aubrey; Cantwell, Shauna L.; Duke, Tanya; Adkins, Elizabeth
Open Access
Intradural spinal arachnoid cyst in a dog
(Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, 1999) Webb, Aubrey
Open Access
Periodic Expression of the Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57Kip2 in Trophoblast Giant Cells Defines a G2-like Gap Phase of the Endocycle
(American Society for Cell Biology, 2000-03) Hattori, Naka; Davies, Tyler C.; Anson-Cartwright, Lynn; Cross, James C.
Open Access
Mini-Review: Assessment of behavioural recovery following spinal cord injury in rats
(Blackwell, 2000-09) Muir, Gillian D; Webb, Aubrey A
Behavioural recovery is one of the primary goals of therapeutic intervention in animal models of disease. It is necessary, therefore, to have the means with which to quantify pertinent behavioural changes in experimental animals. Nevertheless, the number and diversity of behavioural measures which have been used to assess recovery after experimental interventions often makes it difficult to compare results between studies. The present review attempts to integrate and categorize the wide variety of behavioural assessments used to measure recovery in spinal-injured rats. These categories include endpoint measures, kinematic measures, kinetic measurements, and electrophysiological measurements. Within this categorization, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each type of measurement. Finally, we make some recommendations regarding the principles for a comprehensive behavioural analysis after experimental spinal cord injury in rats.
Open Access
Transcription Factors Underlying the Development and Endocrine Functions of the Placenta
(The Endocrine Society, 2002) Cross, James C.; Anson-Cartwright, Lynn; Scott, Ian C.
Open Access
Compensatory Locomotor Adjustments of Rats with Cervical or Thoracic Spinal Cord Hemisections
(Mary Ann Liebert, 2002) Webb, Aubrey; Muir, Gillian D.
Open Access
Potential sources of neck and back pain in clinical conditions of dogs and cats: a review
(Elsevier, 2003-05) Webb, Aubrey A
Pathological neck and back pain occurs in many medical conditions of dogs and cats. Pain may arise from a variety of structures including the intervertebral disks, facet joint capsules, dorsal root ganglia, vertebral ligaments, the vertebral periosteum, and the meninges. The source of this pain is dependent upon the type of disease process and its location within or surrounding the spinal column. Diseases can directly or indirectly stimulate pain sensors (nociceptors). Inflammatory diseases may hypersensitize these receptors or nociceptive pathways with inflammatory mediating substances such as serotonin, histamine and potassium. Diseases resulting in mechanical compression of nociceptors or nociceptive pathways may also result in neck and back pain. A thorough understanding of spinal pain occurring in dogs and cats will lead to more accurate diagnoses and treatment and may provide information regarding prognoses for various diseases. Evidence pointing to sources of spinal pain taken fron scientific and clinical studies of a variety of species including humans is provided. Suspected or known sources of neck and back pain occurring in several clinical conditions of dogs and cats are discussed.
Open Access
Unilateral dorsal solumn and rubrospinal tract injuries affect overground locomotion in the unrestrained rat
(Blackwell, 2003-07) Webb, Aubrey A; Muir, Gillian D
The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of the rubrospinal pathway and the ascending components of the dorsal column for overground locomotion in adult, unrestrained rats. The dorsal column (excluding the corticospinal tract), the rubrospinal tract or both were damaged unilaterally in rats at the level of the upper cervical spinal cord. Behavioural analysis consisted of skilled locomotion (an evaluation of footslips during ladder walking), a paw usage task and the assessment of ground reaction forces during unrestrained locomotion. All lesioned animals used the forepaw ipsilateral to the lesions less while rearing. Animals with dorsal column injuries used the forelimb contralateral to the spinal injury significantly more while rearing compared with uninjured animals. All lesioned animals produced more footfalls while crossing the ladder compared with uninjured animals. All injuries, regardless of the pathway affected, resulted in significant alterations in body weight support and reduced braking forces from the forelimb ipsilateral to the injury during overground locomotion. Animals typically bore less weight on the hindlimb ipsilateral to the lesion compared with the hindlimb contralateral to the spinal injury. Taken together with previously published work, our data indicate that the rubrospinal and dorsal column pathways are important for forelimb support while rearing and for skilled locomotion. Additionally, the ascending dorsal column pathways and the rubrospinal tract play a role during flat surface overground locomotion and combined damage to these pathways does not alter the acquired gait.
Open Access
Interferon-Stimulated Gene-15 (Isg15) Expression Is Up-Regulated in the Mouse Uterus in Response to the Implanting Conceptus
(The Endocrine Society, 2003-07) Austin, Kathy J.; Bany, Brent M.; Belden, E. Lee; Rempel, Lea A.; Cross, James C.; Hansen, Thomas R.
Open Access
Fischer (F-344) rates have different morphology, sensorimotor and locomotor abilities compared to Lewis, Long-Evans, Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats
(Elsevier, 2003-09) Webb, Aubrey A; Gowribai, Krishnamoorthy; Muir, Gillian D
Locomotor and/or sensory behaviour is commonly evaluated in laboratory rats in the field of neuroscience. Many strains of rats, however, have been propagated through intensive breeding programs. With any breeding program, traits are selected purposefully or inadvertently. We set out to investigate whether differences in morphology, sensory or motor behaviours exist using five age-matched strains of laboratory rats. Personal observations of morphological differences between different strains of rats led us to hypothesize that Fischer rats were dissimilar to the other strains in each of the parameters investigated. Evaluation of morphology involved measuring long-bone lengths and body weights of each strain. Motor skills were evaluated by measuring paw preferences while rearing, abduction of the distal portion of hindlimbs during locomotion, footfalls through a horizontal ladder during locomotion, and ground reaction forces generated during trotting. Sensory ability was assessed by von Frey testing. Fischer rats had shorter long-bone lengths, weighed less, and had significantly abducted distal portion of their hindlimbs during locomotion compared to the other strains. Lewis and Sprague–Dawley rats were less sensitive to mechanical pedal stimulation compared to Fischer rats. While rearing, all strains of rats tended to use individual forelimbs 25% of the time for each right and left limbs, and both forelimbs together 50% of the time. There were no significant differences in the number of footfalls during the ladder task. Ground reaction force determination revealed that Fischer and Sprague–Dawley rats bore more weight on their hindlimbs compared to forelimbs during locomotion, Long–Evans and Lewis rats bore more weight on their forelimbs compared to their hindlimbs, while Wistar rats distributed weight evenly between forelimbs and hindlimbs during trotting. We conclude that morphologic, sensory and motor differences exist between the five strains of laboratory rats examined and several of these differences are most pronounced in the Fischer strain.
Open Access
Course of motor recovery following ventrolateral spinal cord injury in the rat
(Elsevier, 2004-11) Webb, Aubrey A; Muir, Gillian D
The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of the pathways running in the ventrolateral spinal funiculus for overground locomotion in adult, freely behaving rats. Left-sided ventrolateral cervical spinal cord injury was performed in adult female Long–Evans rats. The behavioural abilities of these animals were analyzed at 2 days, and weekly for up to 5.5 weeks following spinal cord injury. Behavioural testing consisted of Von Frey filament testing, ladder walking, a paw usage task, and the assessment of ground reaction forces during unrestrained trotting. Animals with injury to the left ventrolateral cervical spinal cord did not develop enhanced sensitivity to pedal mechanical stimulation. At 2 days following injury, animals had impaired skilled locomotion as indicated by increased number of footslips during ladder walking. At 2 days, these animals also used both limbs together more often for support while rearing, while using the forelimb ipsilateral to the injury less than did uninjured animals. Ground reaction force determination revealed that animals tend to bear less weight on the forelimb and hindlimb ipsilateral to the spinal cord injury 2 days after injury. All animals recovered normal or near normal sensorimotor abilities although subtle asymmetries in ground reaction forces were detectable at 5.5 weeks following spinal cord injury. These results suggest that axons in the ventrolateral spinal funiculi contribute to limb movements during exploration and locomotion but their roles can be served by other pathways after ventrolateral spinal injury.
Open Access
Target-controlled infusion of propofol in dogs – evaluation of four targets for induction of anaesthesia
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2005) Musk, Gabrielle C.; Pang, Daniel S. J.; Beths, Thierry; Flaherty, Derek A.
Open Access
Sudden cardiac death associated with occult hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a dog under anesthesia
(Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, 2005) Pang, Daniel S. J.; Rondenay, Yves; Hélie, Pierre; Cuvelliez, Sophie G.; Troncy, Eric