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The University of Calgary master and doctoral theses archive. Full text is made available when possible.
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Item Open Access 02. Everything we have ever loved has already left us (((December 31, 2004 11:14 AM) (the Antarctic Circle) (Femte Akten: 00:08:33)(2006) Mueller, Stephen George Alexander; Huynh, KimItem Open Access 1,5 Diphosphadithiatetrazocines: synthesis, isomers, metal complexes and anions(1992) Edwards, Mark; Chivers, TristramItem Open Access 1.5D Internal Multiple Prediction: an Application on Synthetic Data, Physical Modelling Data and Land Data Synthetics(2015-06-29) Pan, Pan; Innanen, KrisA 1.5D implementation of the inverse scattering series internal multiple prediction algorithm is investigated with the challenges of land seismic data application in mind. This method does not require any subsurface information and is suitable for situations where there is close interference between primaries and internal multiples; however, in land environments, issues of noise, coupling and statics have led to fewer reported successes. The methodology is also computationally costly, with the cost increasing dramatically as the implementation makes the transition from its 1D form to 1.5D, 2D and ultimately 3D. With these issues in mind, the algorithm is examined using a step-by-step approach: first, by carrying out synthetic examples; second, by testing physical modelling data; and finally, by operating on well log synthetics from land data. In the synthetic environment a study is undertaken to determine under what circumstances lower-dimension versions of the prediction algorithm can be applied to higher dimension problems to take advantage of the computational speed. The effects of various ϵ values are analyzed. A method to mitigate large-dip artifacts noticeable in unfiltered 1.5D internal multiple prediction is developed. Applicability of these ideas to real measurements taken in a physical modelling experiment, and using realistic synthetic data produced from real well logs is confirmed.Item Embargo 11-296 K temperature variation of spin Hamiltonian parameters describing the 9.3 GHz EPR spectrum of Gd3+ impurity ions in the Y(OH)3 and Eu(OH)3 host lattices(1983) Boteler, J. M., 1950-; Buckmaster, Harvey A.Item Open Access 12 Degrees of Alienation: A Socio-Political Exploration of Hanns Eisler's Use of the Twelve-Tone Method during Exile (1938-1948)(2020-07-07) Heidebrecht, Jennifer Leslie; Wagner, Martin; Süselbeck, Jan; Stark, TrevorHanns Eisler, one of Arnold Schoenberg’s prominent students and a master of his twelve-tone technique, is arguably one of the most important composers of the twentieth century. However, Eisler’s contribution to modern music in both Germany and North America has been, until recently, overshadowed by political controversy. It is especially the period of Eisler’s American exile (1938-1948) that provides an area of research ripe for investigation with a fresh perspective. This thesis will utilize Eisler’s writings about music, politics, and his experience as an exile, in selections from two volumes of collected essays (Musik und Politik Schriften), (1924-1962) and Composing for the Films (1947). These works incorporate Eisler’s theories regarding the relationship between music and the socio-political climate during this time and will be used in order to examine and qualify previously made theses that the twelve-tone method of composition is the musical language of émigrés. I seek to provide a more nuanced understanding that moves away from score analysis alone, synthesizing both of Eisler’s creative and political worlds in order to illuminate not only the composer, but also the exile and the unique role that the exile experience has played in the development of twelve-tone music.Item Open Access 14-electron phosphonium alkylidenes in olefin metathesis: a synthetic and mechanistic study(2006) Romero Guadjardo, Patricio Eduardo; Piers, Warren E.Item Open Access 1d compression creep behaviour of kaolinite and bentonite clay(2011) Varatharajan, Sivarajan; Wong, Ronald C. K.Creep mechanisms and factors influencing the creep in clay soils are not yet well understood due to the complex structure of clay matrix. An experimental program was conducted to investigate the parameters affecting the creep behaviour. One-dimensional single stage, stepwise and overloaded-unloaded compression creep tests were conducted using standard oedometer apparatus on kaolinite and bentonite clay samples. Single and radial drainage conditions with different pore fluids were considered. Required creep stress levels were achieved using instantaneous loading increments. Effects of stress level, stress history, pore fluid chemistry, fabric structure, drainage condition and mineral compositions of clay on creep behaviour were studied based on the experimental results. Drainage condition exhibited insignificant influence on creep. Creep mechanisms were explained as a combined effect of sliding of clay particles at their contacts and deformation of particle itself. Compression of micro pores during the creep is negligible. Developed model successfully describes the creep behaviour interims of viscosity.Item Open Access 1D image compression using attractor coding technique and Hilbert scan(1996) Chung, Chia-Luh; Bruton, Leonard T.Item Open Access 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induced osteogenesis in murine embryonic stem cells: the role of Wnt5a(2006) Davis, Lesley Anne Margaret; Rancourt, DerrickItem Open Access 2-D up-scaling of naturally fractured reservoirs(2002) Xie, Jin; Pooladi-Darvish, MehranItem Open Access 2-deoxyglucose analysis of the neonatal and adult guinea pig visual systems(1994) Hamaluk, Eleanor Gail; Cooper, Roderick M.Item Open Access 2-Deoxyglucose uptake in the rat visual system under different levels of arousal(1989) McIntosh, Anthony Randal; Cooper, Roderick M.Item Embargo 2011-2012 University Of Calgary Scope 3 Ghg Inventory(2013) Lee, DavidThis research project conducts a Scope 3 GHG Inventory for the University of Calgary for the operating year 2011-12 using the World Resources Institute (WRI) Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard in order to identify the Scope 3 GHG footprint from university operations. Emissions from Scope 3 sources are important because they can make up to 75 percent of the total GHG footprint for an organization. Scope 3 is a relatively emerging category of emissions, and currently there is only a small amount of literature and guidance available. The previous inventory conducted in 2008-09 relied heavily on the Clean-Air Cool-Planet carbon calculator and generic calculation tools; however, this year’s inventory attempted to use emissions factors and data that provided a more accurate representation of the operating environment for the University of Calgary. This inventory shows a 45 percent increase from the last inventory with the largest source of emissions coming from student and staff commuting. In addition to calculating Scope 3 emissions for the University of Calgary, the report identifies some of the challenges in applying this type of reporting standard to a higher educational institution and recommends improvements required to continue to advance the quality and accuracy of Scope 3 reporting for the university in the future. This report finds that improvements in data quality and collection, development of improved reporting standards as well as emission factors and methodology that represent the local operating environment of the university will improve reporting in the future.Item Open Access 2D-3D Registration for a High-speed Biplanar Videoradiography Imaging System(2022-04) Zhang, Shu; Lichti, Derek; Detchev, Ivan; Ronsky, Janet; Wang, Ruisheng; Armenakis, Costas; Lichti, DerekHigh-Speed Biplanar Videoradiography (HSBV) is an X-ray based imaging system that can derive dynamic bony translations and rotations. The 2D-3D registration process matches a 3D bone model acquired from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans with the 2D X-ray image pairs. 2D-3D registration is usually conducted in two ways, marker-based and model-based registration. The marker-based method is known for its high registration accuracy thanks to corresponding marker pairs. On the other hand, the model-based method avoids the implantation of radiopaque beads but uses the radiograph’s features, intensities, or gradients to accomplish the data alignment. Two novel marker-based registration methods, the back-projection and the projection methods, were proposed and compared with the state-of-the-art RSA (Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis) method. A 3D printed bone model with beads was used to validate the proposed methods. The results showed that both methods acquired higher accuracy than the RSA method. In addition, the projection and back-projection techniques can be used for the model-based registration while the RSA method cannot. The projection method was applied to a model-based registration to achieve higher accuracy, providing a 3D reconstruction accuracy of 0.79 mm for both the tibia and femur. By using the non-rigid transformation with a scale factor, this accuracy was successfully increased to 0.56 mm for the tibia and 0.64 mm for the femur. The discrepancies in the 2D-3D registration that led to the non-rigid transformation were validated. It was caused by the offset between the detected edge points in the radiographs and their actual position. A Kalman filter was tested on the marker- and model-based registration results with different random processes and parameters. For marker-based registrations, the standard deviations of the kinematics parameters were improved by 25 – 62% for the translations and 35 – 43% for the rotations. For the model-based registration, these standard deviations were improved by 6 – 38% and 29 – 38%, respectively. While the projection method provided higher accuracy, the back-projection method had the larger capture range for the initialization. An automatic initialization method with 64 starting poses based on the back-projection method was proposed and validated. It successfully eliminated the user intervention in the registration initialization. The improved 2D-3D registration with non-rigid transformation and dynamic estimation allows the determination of accurate 3D kinematic parameters with high efficiency. These kinematic parameters can be used to calculate joint cartilage contact mechanics that provide insight into the mechanical processes and mechanisms of joint degeneration or pathology.Item Open Access <3 An Artistic Exploration of Contemporary Online Courtship(2021-10-08) Housego, Kenzie; Eiserman, Jennifer Roam Flint; Leier, Heather; Hardy, Michelle Arlene; Viczko, April A.This paper traces how my multi-media art practice explores contemporary courtship by investigating past and present modes of behaviour related to dating rituals. By using a research-creation methodological approach, my textile-based practice combines technological components to engage audiences in a dialogue with artworks based on gathered experiences of love and dating online. This body of work investigates the conveyed meanings of emojis, texts, and sexts, while juxtaposing historical and contemporary visual symbology to draw parallels or find differences between methods of signalling attraction through display. This study seeks to highlight how romantic communication, conducted and transmitted via screens and on digital platforms, can be interpreted or misinterpreted between potential partners. Given that romantic exchanges in digital culture are therefore processed through technology and appear as symbols and codes which may or may not be successfully communicated, I aim to understand this phenomenon through created experiences which examine facets of 21st century courtship. Contemporary online courtship employs new and unprecedented mechanisms for connecting with potential romantic partners, theoretically enhancing the chance of finding true love (if that is the goal). This paper details the development of ❤️❤️❤️, a five part series of investigatory electronic and textile new media artworks that analyze digital courtship behaviours, probing their historical Victorian-era roots, while examining how they both break from these traditions and reinvent contemporary online dating romance. The combination of historical and contemporary, symbolically-laden, modes of visual communication uncover various facets of 21st century romance including: its relationship to technology, online self-representation, communication, gender tropes, and historical and contemporary signs and signifiers connected to notions of romance and courtship texts. These artworks leverage technology through embedded electronic sensors, LED light displays, and texting with programmed artwork chatbots. The audience is invited to engage with the artworks in a dialectical relationship. The outcome of this audience participation is intended to produce a deeper understanding of contemporary dating through a relational approach via these technological tools. Viewers shift from passive observers of the artworks to active co-producers as they utilize digital media to express their ideas while experiencing other points of view, and ultimately, form their own individual meanings.Item Open Access 3-D Cadastral Boundary Relationship Classification Algorithms using Conformal Geometric Algebra(2021-04-26) Pullano, Dillon; Barry, Michael; Wang, Xin; O'Keefe, Kyle; Detchev, Ivan; Barry, Michael; Wang, Xin; Rangelova, ElenaAs urban centers continue to grow and develop, there is an increasing need for institutions to be able to digitally model and perform relationship analysis on 3-D cadastral boundary data. 3-D boundary analysis can be performed through visual inspection of survey plan drawings, but this often requires professional expertise such as a land surveyor or lawyer. This study examined the development, testing, and application of methodological processes and algorithms that were designed to classify various geometrical and topological relationships between the boundary components of two 3-D cadastral units to solve cadastral boundary problems. It applied established mathematical theory using Conformal Geometric Algebra objects and operational techniques, in combination with various 3-D point-point distance evaluations and geometric concepts to the classification of relationships between 3-D cadastral boundaries. A literature search suggests that the theory and methodology as it was applied in this study have not been used to classify topological relationships between 3-D cadastral boundaries elsewhere. Six sets of data flow processing algorithms were developed to determine the relationship classifications between boundary component pair sets that exist between two 3-D cadastral units. The classification processes were first validated using seven simulated experimental testing datasets, each consisting of two cube-like units. The classification processes were then applied to a cadastral dataset that was derived from a condominium survey plan registered in Alberta, Canada. This showed how the methods developed here can be applied to solving a practical 3-D cadastral boundary problem example in the land surveying field, specifically towards validating a shared boundary between two adjacent condominium units as is intended on the plan before survey plan registration. Results from the experimental datasets support the methods that were proposed to classify 53 distinct types of topological relationships between 3-D boundary component pair sets. While this type of boundary relationship analysis can be done through visual inspection of survey plans, the methods developed here are more mathematically rigorous. These processes could be leveraged by land surveyors and land administration professionals when analyzing 3-D survey plan boundaries.Item Open Access 3-D physical seismic modeling study of a lower cretaceous channel in Southern Alberta(1994) Hrabi, Kelly Dale; Lawton, Donald CalebItem Open Access 300-1500 MHz Broadband LNA for the Canadian Hydrogen Observatory and Radio-transient Detector(2022-09) Lai, Carlson; Belostotski, Leonid; Nielsen, Jorgen; Abou-Zeid, HatemA next generation radio telescope, CHORD is currently being designed and prototyped. This new radio telescope is designed to supersede the CHIME telescope in area, noise and bandwidth. The specifications for this telescope require a bandwidth between 300 MHz to 1500 MHz, along with the lowest possible noise figure at room temperature. To achieve this, a new LNA topology is proposed using a capacitively loaded source degenerated amplifier with a matching network. This topology allows the designer to control the optimum source impedance for low noise independently from the input impedance, such that the two can be conjugates of each other. A matching network is then proposed to approximate the optimum source impedance for broadband power and noise matching. The LNA was designed and measured, with S11 below -8 dB between 320 MHz to 1580 MHz, S21 of 32 dB +/- 1.2 dB, IP1dB greater than -37 dBm, and IIP3 greater than -20 dBm. Noise parameters were measured, with the LNA achieving sub-20 K noise temperatures between 500 MHz to 1400 MHz.Item Open Access 3D Building Model-Assisted Snapshot GNSS Positioning Method(2017) Kumar, Rakesh; Petovello, Mark; Petovello, Mark; Lachapelle, Gérard; O'Keefe, Kyle; Fapojuwo, AbrahamGlobal Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have proven to be a viable and reliable solution in interference-free environments and in presence of Line-of-Sight (LOS) signals only. However, in urban canyons, multipath signals directly affect the pseudorange measurements resulting in degraded positioning performance of traditional GNSS receivers. Moreover, traditional GNSS receivers cannot distinguish between non-LOS (NLOS) and LOS signals, resulting in even worse performance if the receiver tracks NLOS-only signal. Hence, NLOS and multipath signals remains a dominant source of error in satellite-based navigation. Most of the existing research has focused on identifying and rejecting NLOS measurements. However, little research has used NLOS signals constructively. In this regard, this research uses snapshots of GNSS data in order to estimate position, utilizing all NLOS signals constructively with the help of a 3D Building Model (3DBM). Using a 3DBM and a ray-tracing algorithm, the number of reception paths and the corresponding path delays of reflected signals is predicted across a grid of candidate positions. These predictions are then used to compute least-squares fit to the GNSS receiver’s correlator outputs and the position with smallest residuals is selected as the position estimate. This approach is termed Signal Delay Matching (SDM) and yields a solution that is nearly unaffected by traditional GNSS error sources, and has capability of providing a position solution using a single satellite only. The use of snapshots of data mean the receiver need not perform tracking operations, thus making it easier to implement and power efficient. The feasibility and performance of the algorithm was tested using data collected in downtown Calgary, Canada, where buildings reach heights of over 200 m. Contrary to traditional approaches, results for the proposed method show that positioning error decreases as sky-visibility decreases. For sky-visibility below 20%, the median error was found to be just over 3 m. Compared to two pseudorange-based receivers, the proposed method yields RMS errors improvements of 22% to 48% in the horizontal plane.Item Open Access 3D data interpolation and denoising by an adaptive weighting rank-reduction method using singular spectrum analysis(2022-01) Bayati, Farzaneh; Trad, Daniel Osvaldo; Ferguson, Robert James; Innanen, Kristopher; Lamoureux, Michael PhilipA difficult challenge in seismic processing and imaging is to address insufficient and irregular sampling. Most processing algorithms require well-sampled data, which involves small sampling intervals with a regular distribution. This motivates us to find new techniques that are more efficient in interpolating seismic data. The primary objective of this thesis is to study Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) as a tool for the reconstruction and denoising of seismic data. An overview of the methods of seismic interpolation and the potential use of SSA in time series is described. SSA as a rank-reduction method for 2-D and 3-D seismic data interpolation is studied. The rank-reduction step of SSA is improved by proposing an adaptive rank-reduction method. To improve the algorithm in denoising an adaptive weighting rank-reduction algorithm is proposed. SSA is compared with the Minimum Weighted Norm Interpolation (MWNI) algorithm. Results obtained in this work demonstrate that SSA is a promising method for simultaneous denoising and reconstructing seismic data.