Training the Brain to Survive Stroke

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dc.contributor.authorDunn, Jeffrey F.
dc.contributor.authorWu, Ying
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Zonghang
dc.contributor.authorSrinivasan, Sathya
dc.contributor.authorNatah, Sirajedin
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-14T18:55:57Z
dc.date.available2017-03-14T18:55:57Z
dc.date.issued2012-09-13
dc.description.abstractBackground: Presently, little can be done to repair brain tissue after stroke damage. We hypothesized that the mammalian brain has an intrinsic capacity to adapt to low oxygen which would improve outcome from a reversible hypoxic/ischemic episode. Acclimation to chronic hypoxia causes increased capillarity and tissue oxygen levels which may improve the capacity to survive ischemia. Identification of these adaptations will lead to protocols which high risk groups could use to improve recovery and reduce costs. Methods and Findings: Rats were exposed to hypoxia (3 weeks living at K an atmosphere). After acclimation, capillary density was measured morphometrically and was increased by 30% in the cortex. Novel implantable oxygen sensors showed that partial pressure of oxygen in the brain was increased by 40% in the normal cortex. Infarcts were induced in brain with 1 h reversible middle cerebral artery occlusions. After ischemia (48 h) behavioural scores were improved and T2 weighted MRI lesion volumes were reduced by 52% in acclimated groups. There was a reduction in inflammation indicated by reduced lymphocytes (by 27–33%), and ED1 positive cells (by 35–45%). Conclusions: It is possible to stimulate a natural adaptive mechanism in the brain which will reduce damage and improve outcome for a given ischemic event. Since these adaptations occur after factors such as HIF-1a have returned to baseline, protection is likely related more to morphological changes such as angiogenesis. Such pre-conditioning, perhaps with exercise or pharmaceuticals, would not necessarily reduce the incidence of stroke, but the severity of damage could be reduced by 50%.en_US
dc.description.grantingagencyNational Institutes of Health; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; the Canadian Foundation for Innovation ; the Alberta Heritage Foundation and the Canadian National Sciences and Engineering Research Councilen_US
dc.description.refereedYesen_US
dc.identifier.citationDunn JF, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Srinivasan S, Natah SS (2012) Training the Brain to Survive Stroke. PLoS ONE 7(9): e45108.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0045108
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/33542
dc.identifier.grantnumberRT732043men_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/51860
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.publisher.corporateUniversity of Calgary
dc.publisher.departmentRadiologyen_US
dc.publisher.facultyMedicineen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen_US
dc.titleTraining the Brain to Survive Strokeen_US
dc.typejournal article
thesis.degree.disciplineRadiology / Physiology / Clinical Neurosciences
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