Source control in emergency general surgery: WSES, GAIS, SIS-E, SIS-A guidelines

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dc.contributor.authorCoccolini, Federico
dc.contributor.authorSartelli, Massimo
dc.contributor.authorSawyer, Robert
dc.contributor.authorRasa, Kemal
dc.contributor.authorViaggi, Bruno
dc.contributor.authorAbu-Zidan, Fikri
dc.contributor.authorSoreide, Kjetil
dc.contributor.authorHardcastle, Timothy
dc.contributor.authorGupta, Deepak
dc.contributor.authorBendinelli, Cino
dc.contributor.authorCeresoli, Marco
dc.contributor.authorShelat, Vishal G.
dc.contributor.authorBroek, Richard t.
dc.contributor.authorBaiocchi, Gian L.
dc.contributor.authorMoore, Ernest E.
dc.contributor.authorSall, Ibrahima
dc.contributor.authorPodda, Mauro
dc.contributor.authorBonavina, Luigi
dc.contributor.authorKryvoruchko, Igor A.
dc.contributor.authorStahel, Philip
dc.contributor.authorInaba, Kenji
dc.contributor.authorMontravers, Philippe
dc.contributor.authorSakakushev, Boris
dc.contributor.authorSganga, Gabriele
dc.contributor.authorBallestracci, Paolo
dc.contributor.authorMalbrain, Manu L. N. G.
dc.contributor.authorVincent, Jean-Louis
dc.contributor.authorPikoulis, Manos
dc.contributor.authorBeka, Solomon G.
dc.contributor.authorDoklestic, Krstina
dc.contributor.authorChiarugi, Massimo
dc.contributor.authorFalcone, Marco
dc.contributor.authorBignami, Elena
dc.contributor.authorReva, Viktor
dc.contributor.authorDemetrashvili, Zaza
dc.contributor.authorDi Saverio, Salomone
dc.contributor.authorTolonen, Matti
dc.contributor.authorNavsaria, Pradeep
dc.contributor.authorBala, Miklosh
dc.contributor.authorBalogh, Zsolt
dc.contributor.authorLitvin, Andrey
dc.contributor.authorHecker, Andreas
dc.contributor.authorWani, Imtiaz
dc.contributor.authorFette, Andreas
dc.contributor.authorDe Simone, Belinda
dc.contributor.authorIvatury, Rao
dc.contributor.authorPicetti, Edoardo
dc.contributor.authorKhokha, Vladimir
dc.contributor.authorTan, Edward
dc.contributor.authorBall, Chad
dc.contributor.authorTascini, Carlo
dc.contributor.authorCui, Yunfeng
dc.contributor.authorCoimbra, Raul
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Michael
dc.contributor.authorMartino, Costanza
dc.contributor.authorAgnoletti, Vanni
dc.contributor.authorBoermeester, Marja A.
dc.contributor.authorDe’Angelis, Nicola
dc.contributor.authorChirica, Mircea
dc.contributor.authorBiffl, Walt L.
dc.contributor.authorAnsaloni, Luca
dc.contributor.authorKluger, Yoram
dc.contributor.authorCatena, Fausto
dc.contributor.authorKirkpatrick, Andrew W.
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-23T00:03:21Z
dc.date.available2023-07-23T00:03:21Z
dc.date.issued2023-07-21
dc.date.updated2023-07-23T00:03:21Z
dc.description.abstractAbstract Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are among the most common global healthcare challenges and they are usually precipitated by disruption to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Their successful management typically requires intensive resource utilization, and despite the best therapies, morbidity and mortality remain high. One of the main issues required to appropriately treat IAI that differs from the other etiologies of sepsis is the frequent requirement to provide physical source control. Fortunately, dramatic advances have been made in this aspect of treatment. Historically, source control was left to surgeons only. With new technologies non-surgical less invasive interventional procedures have been introduced. Alternatively, in addition to formal surgery open abdomen techniques have long been proposed as aiding source control in severe intra-abdominal sepsis. It is ironic that while a lack or even delay regarding source control clearly associates with death, it is a concept that remains poorly described. For example, no conclusive definition of source control technique or even adequacy has been universally accepted. Practically, source control involves a complex definition encompassing several factors including the causative event, source of infection bacteria, local bacterial flora, patient condition, and his/her eventual comorbidities. With greater understanding of the systemic pathobiology of sepsis and the profound implications of the human microbiome, adequate source control is no longer only a surgical issue but one that requires a multidisciplinary, multimodality approach. Thus, while any breach in the GI tract must be controlled, source control should also attempt to control the generation and propagation of the systemic biomediators and dysbiotic influences on the microbiome that perpetuate multi-system organ failure and death. Given these increased complexities, the present paper represents the current opinions and recommendations for future research of the World Society of Emergency Surgery, of the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery of Surgical Infection Society Europe and Surgical Infection Society America regarding the concepts and operational adequacy of source control in intra-abdominal infections.
dc.identifier.citationWorld Journal of Emergency Surgery. 2023 Jul 21;18(1):41
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13017-023-00509-4
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1880/116785
dc.identifier.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/41627
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)
dc.titleSource control in emergency general surgery: WSES, GAIS, SIS-E, SIS-A guidelines
dc.typeJournal Article
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