Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on ruminating, grazing, and bedding time in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)

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dc.contributor.authorWang, Muyang
dc.contributor.authorAlves, Joana
dc.contributor.authorTucker, Meghan
dc.contributor.authorYang, Weikang
dc.contributor.authorRuckstuhl, Kathreen E
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-14T22:06:30Z
dc.date.available2019-01-14T22:06:30Z
dc.date.issued2018-10-29
dc.description.abstractRumination is the repeated process of regurgitation of a food bolus, followed by chewing, swallowing, and regurgitation, which enhance nutrient assimilation. Time spent in lateral recumbency (i.e., bedded, lying) has often been used as a proxy for time spent ruminating due to difficulties of observing detailed rumination behavior in the field. The actual proportion of time spent ruminating, or other activities, will in turn be affected by the age and sex of an individual but also with changes in food quality. We studied the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on time spent ruminating, bedding, proportion of bedding time spent ruminating, and grazing of individually marked bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). Our results show that bighorn sheep spent more time ruminating and less time grazing in summer and autumn. Overall, females spent less time ruminating, and more time grazing than males. Bighorn sheep decreased their time spent ruminating with increasing acid detergent fiber (ADF) content in the forage. Age influenced the time spent grazing, bedded and proportion of bedded time spent ruminating. Older sheep not only increased their bedding time but also their time spent bedded without ruminating compared to younger individuals. The proportion of time spent grazing was also affected by age, with a decrease in the proportion of time spent grazing with increasing age. Our results suggest that these four behaviors are plastic and variable. We thus conclude that bedding time does not reflect time spent ruminating but that the latter is affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors.en_US
dc.description.grantingagencyNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council - Discovery Granten_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206664en_US
dc.identifier.grantnumberen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/109454
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/46149
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.publisher.departmentBiological Sciencesen_US
dc.publisher.facultyScienceen_US
dc.publisher.hasversionPublisher's versionen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen_US
dc.publisher.institutionCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, Chinaen_US
dc.publisher.institutionCentre for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugalen_US
dc.publisher.institutionCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, Chinaen_US
dc.rightsUnless otherwise indicated, this material is protected by copyright and has been made available with authorization from the copyright owner. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.subjectsheepen_US
dc.subjectgrazingen_US
dc.subjectruminantsen_US
dc.subjectacid detergent fibreen_US
dc.subjectphysiological parametersen_US
dc.subjectruminatingen_US
dc.titleEffects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on ruminating, grazing, and bedding time in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)en_US
dc.typejournal articleen_US
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