Myoviridae as Part of Cattle Fecal Microbiome

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dc.contributor.advisorvan der Meer, Frank
dc.contributor.authorRincón García, Mónica
dc.contributor.committeememberBachofen, Claudia
dc.contributor.committeememberOrsel, Karin
dc.contributor.committeememberTimsit, Édouard
dc.contributor.committeememberHynes, Michael F.
dc.date2019-06
dc.date.accessioned2019-03-19T17:41:21Z
dc.date.available2019-03-19T17:41:21Z
dc.date.issued2019-03-18
dc.description.abstractDouble-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) phages from the order of Caudovirales are the most abundant viruses in the microbiome of the mammalian digestive tract. There is increasing awareness of the role of phages in modulating bacterial composition in digestive compartments. Mammalian digestive microbiomes are generally dominated by members of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla. Moreover, phages from the Siphoviridae family (order Caudovirales) are the most abundant members in the rumen of cattle and large intestine of humans, horses and pigs. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding composition of the virome in the large intestine of cattle. To facilitate these studies, suitable methods to analyze bovine fecal sample for virus content are needed. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to establish appropriate methodologies and evaluate fecal samples from various sources. Two virus particle purification (VPP) procedures, namely filtration and cesium chloride (CsCl) ultracentrifugation were compared, using electron microscopy (EM), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and metagenomic analyses. In total, 39 cattle fecal samples were processed. Metagenomic analysis was the most suitable methodology for measuring relative abundance (RA) and diversity of Myoviridae in fecal samples from two beef and two dairy cattle. Overall, numbers of phage members of the order Caudovirales was higher compared to other dsDNA viruses, with Myoviridae being the most abundant family within this order. Furthermore, a functional procedure to estimate total viral dsDNA virome in feces was developed. In conclusion, this thesis includes methods to detect and characterize phages in cattle feces, with generation of novel data that improve understanding of viral diversity in fecal microbiomes.en_US
dc.identifier.citationRincón García, M. (2019). Myoviridae as Part of Cattle Fecal Microbiome (Master's thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/36303
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/110086
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisher.facultyVeterinary Medicineen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen
dc.rightsUniversity of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.en_US
dc.subjectBacteriophages, metagenomic analysis, cattle gut microbiome, virome, Myoviridae, Caudoviralesen_US
dc.subject.classificationEducation--Sciencesen_US
dc.subject.classificationAnimal Physiologyen_US
dc.subject.classificationBioinformaticsen_US
dc.subject.classificationMicrobiologyen_US
dc.subject.classificationVeterinary Scienceen_US
dc.subject.classificationVirologyen_US
dc.titleMyoviridae as Part of Cattle Fecal Microbiomeen_US
dc.typemaster thesisen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineVeterinary Medical Sciencesen_US
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Calgaryen_US
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Science (MSc)en_US
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