Browsing by Author "Toomey, Clodagh"

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    Bone health and physical activity in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a cross-sectional case-control study
    (2024-04-19) Vasil, Egi; M. Nesbitt, Colleen; Toomey, Clodagh; Kuntze, Gregor; Esau, Shane; A. Emery, Carolyn; Gabel, Leigh
    Abstract Background Adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) tend to engage in less physical activity than their typically developing peers. Physical activity is essential for bone development and reduced physical activity may detrimentally effect bone health. Thus, we examined differences in total body bone mineral content (BMC) and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) between adolescents with JIA and adolescent controls without JIA. We also examined associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), lean mass, and bone outcomes. Methods Participants included 21 adolescents with JIA (14 females, 7 males) and 21 sex- and age-matched controls aged 10–20 years. Assessments included: height; weight; triple-single-leg-hop distance (TSLH); MVPA by accelerometry; and total body BMC, aBMD, and lean mass measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Height-adjusted z-scores were calculated for BMC and aBMD and used for all analyses. Multiple linear mixed effects models examined group differences in BMC and aBMD, adjusting for sex, maturity, MVPA, TSLH, and lean mass. Participants clusters, based on sex and age (within 18 months), were considered random effects. Results Adolescents with JIA had lower total body aBMD z-scores [β (95% CI); -0.58 (-1.10 to -0.07), p = 0.03] and BMC z-scores [-0.47 (-0.91 to -0.03), p = 0.04] compared with controls. Mean daily MVPA was 22.0 min/day lower in adolescents with JIA than controls; however, MVPA was not associated with aBMD [-0.01 (-0.01 to 0.01), p = 0.32] or BMC [0.00 (-0.01 to 0.00), p = 0.39]. Lean mass was positively associated with aBMD [0.05 (0.01 to 0.09) g/cm2, p = 0.03] and BMC [0.06 (0.03 to 0.10) g, p < 0.001]. Conclusion Adolescents with JIA had lower total body aBMD and BMC compared with sex- and age-matched controls without JIA. Group differences in bone outcomes were not associated with the lower MVPA participation of adolescents with JIA. Despite this, physical activity should still be encouraged as it promotes physical well-being.
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    Physical Activity, Adiposity, and Functional Measures in Youth with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Compared to Healthy Controls
    (2018-01-08) Nesbitt, Colleen; Emery, Carolyn; Ronsky, Janet; Kuntze, Gregor; Toomey, Clodagh; Benseler, Susanne
    Objective: To examine habitual physical activity, aerobic capacity, adiposity, and dynamic balance skills in children with JIA, inclusive of knee involvement, compared to age and sex matched healthy controls. Design: Cohort study with a matched-pair design Participants: Twenty-five youth with JIA, ages 10-20, (16 female, 9 male) were matched by age and sex to 25 healthy control participants. Methods: Physical activity data was collected using an ActiGraph accelerometer for 7 days. Aerobic capacity (relative VO2peak) was assessed by a maximal bike test. Adiposity (fat mass index) was evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Three dynamic balance tests examined balance performance. Results: No significant difference between groups was found in any of the outcomes after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Youth with JIA have similar physical activity, aerobic fitness, adiposity, and functional balance ability as their healthy peers. Differences found in physical activity between male groups could have clinical significance.
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    Physical and Cognitive Activity and Recovery From Sports Related Concussion
    (2016) Lishchynsky, Justin; Schneider, Kathryn; Yeates, Keith; Emery, Carolyn; Toomey, Clodagh
    Concussions are among the most common injuries in youth sport and can affect an individual both cognitively and physically, thus proper clinical care is imperative. In this thesis, a review of physical and cognitive activity and rest following concussion highlights the need for more research to better define the optimal amounts and types of rest and activity to facilitate recovery. Comparing Actigraph accelerometry to participant self-report data during concussion recovery revealed poor agreement and correlation between the two. There was no association between cognitive activity and recovery from concussion demonstrated in an exploratory analysis of high and low levels of cognitive activity. More time performing moderate-vigorous physical activity (>45 minutes daily) was associated with a significantly longer time to return to baseline symptom scores and being medically cleared to return to play. Future high level studies evaluating the impact of physical activity on recovery are needed to inform clinical practice.